\u0130ZM\u0130R(Ege Ajans)-<\/b>\u00a0Sporcunun \u201cSpor Genleri\u2019\u2019 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan genetik analiz y\u00f6ntemiyle \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen sportif performans d\u00fczeyi \u201cSpor Genetik\u2019\u2019 alan\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n geldi\u011fi son noktay\u0131 g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/u><\/u><\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/egeajans.ege.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Onur-Oral-169x300.jpg\")
\u0130nsan Genom Projesi ile ba\u015flayan ve genler \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda hastal\u0131kl\u0131 genlerin yok edilerek insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde tedavi edilemeyen hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tedavi edilebilece\u011fi bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor. Spor d\u00fcnyas\u0131 da bu yeni bulu\u015fu \u201cSporda yetenek\u201d konusunda kullan\u0131yor.<\/u><\/u><\/p>\n
Ege \u00dcniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fak\u00fcltesi \u00d6\u011fretim G\u00f6revlisi Uzman Doktor Onur Oral,\u00a0 son y\u0131llarda spor d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n ilgi \u00e7eken konular\u0131ndan \u201cSpor ve Obezite Geneti\u011fi\u201d hakk\u0131nda bilinmeyenleri anlatt\u0131.<\/u><\/u><\/p>\n
Son y\u0131llarda t\u0131p alan\u0131ndaki geli\u015fmelerin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli yenilikleri hayat\u0131m\u0131za kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden\u00a0\u00a0Uzm. Dr. Oral, \u201c T\u0131p d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle genetik alan\u0131ndaki bilimsel ilerlemelerle insan hayat\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karken; ayn\u0131 zamanda hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavileri de genetik bilimi rehberli\u011finde tekrar \u015fekillenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Proje sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanan ancak eksikleri 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamlanan \u0130nsan Genom Projesi bu alandaki ilerlemelere \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli ivme kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her bilim dal\u0131 i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu gibi spor bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131 da bu yeniliklere seyirci kalmad\u0131. Ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde yeni bilgiler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00fcncellenen \u0130nsan Genomu Projesi rehberli\u011finde genetik uygulamalar spor d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha \u00e7ok dikkat \u00e7ekmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kitleselle\u015fen sportif etkinlikler, insan ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131na ve \u00fclkelerin tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda y\u00f6n veren en \u00f6nemli kurumlardan birisi haline gelmi\u015ftir. Spor art\u0131k tamam\u0131yla bilimsel teori ve uygulamalar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir faaliyet alan\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmektedir. \u00d6zellikle ama\u00e7 y\u00fcksek performans oldu\u011funda; \u00a0spor kl\u00fcpleri, antren\u00f6rler ve sporcular daha \u00fcst\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u2018Spor Geneti\u011fi\u2019 alan\u0131nda ya\u015fanan bilimsel geli\u015fmeleri spor d\u00fcnyas\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131maya h\u0131z vermi\u015flerdir\u201d dedi.<\/u><\/u><\/p>\n
\u201cGENLER KONTROL ED\u0130YOR\u201d<\/b><\/u><\/u><\/p>\n
Uzm. Dr. Oral, \u201cSportif performans\u0131n ve sportif yetene\u011fin\u00a0 do\u011fu\u015ftan m\u0131 var oldu\u011fu, yoksa sonradan m\u0131 kazan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 her zaman tart\u0131\u015fma konusudur. Bu yeteneklerin ve sonu\u00e7ta ortaya konulan performans\u0131n bir limitinin olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hala tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda geli\u015fen genetik bilimi ve atletik performans\u0131 etkileyen genlerin tek tek tespit edilmesiyle, v\u00fccudun spor bran\u015f\u0131na ve antrenman program\u0131na verdi\u011fi fizyolojik tepkinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi, kas tiplerinin tespit edilmesi bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn DNA\u2019lar\u0131m\u0131za kodlanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ve genlerimiz taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edildi\u011fi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Sportif yetene\u011fin genetik bir aktar\u0131m ile do\u011fu\u015ftan gelen bir etkimi ya da sonradan olu\u015fan bir durum mu oldu\u011fu bununla birlikte sportif performanslar\u0131n bir \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n var olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nceden beri tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir konu olmu\u015ftu. Son y\u0131llarda geli\u015fen genetik bilimi ve atletik performans\u0131 etkileyen genlerin tek tek tespit edilmesiyle, v\u00fccudun spor bran\u015f\u0131na ve antrenman program\u0131na verdi\u011fi fizyolojik tepkinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi, kas tiplerinin tespit edilmesi bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn DNA\u2019lar\u0131m\u0131za kodlanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ve genlerimiz taraf\u0131ndan kontrol edildi\u011fi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fini ortaya koymu\u015ftur\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/u><\/u><\/p>\n
\u201cANTRENMANLAR DA B\u00dcY\u00dcK \u00d6NEM TA\u015eIYOR\u201d<\/u><\/u><\/b><\/p>\n
Sporda genetik altyap\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle kuvvet, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k, kas kitlesi, kas liflerinin tipi ve oranlar\u0131 ile akci\u011fer kapasitesi \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck etki g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini ifade eden Uzm. Dr. Oral, \u00a0\u201c\u00d6zellikle dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k sporlar\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan kardiyopulmoner kapasite \u00fczerindeki etkisi oldu\u011funa dair \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar mevcuttur. Genler, ayr\u0131ca sporcu v\u00fccudunun antrenmana, beslenmeye ve di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rlere nas\u0131l ve ne \u015fekilde cevap verece\u011fini de belirlemektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck genetik potansiyele sahip olan bir atlet, antrenmana daha iyi cevap verebilme potansiyeline sahip ise dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek genetik potansiyele sahip atletten daha ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilmektedir. Sportif kal\u0131tsal \u00f6zellikler kas kitlesi, kas lifleri, kardiopulmoner yap\u0131 patlay\u0131c\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7 ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k gibi \u00f6zelliklerde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6neme sahip oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir\u201d dedi.<\/u><\/u><\/p>\n
\u201cSA\u011eLIKLI B\u0130R YA\u015eAM TARZI \u015eART\u201d<\/u><\/u><\/b><\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/egeajans.ege.edu.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/sportgene.jpg\")
<\/b>Uzm. Dr. Oral,\u00a0 \u201cSporcunun genetik altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sadece sporda \u00fcst\u00fcn olabilmek i\u00e7in gerekli potansiyeli belirledi\u011fini unutmamak gerekmektedir. Bir sporcu, rekorlar k\u0131rabilmek ve \u015fampiyon olabilmek i\u00e7in gerekli genetik potansiyele sahip olsa bile, sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 veya yetersiz egzersiz ile sportif performanslar\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamayacakt\u0131r. Benzer \u015fekilde, k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 bir genetik potansiyele sahip olan bir sporcu d\u00fczenli bir ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 ve bilin\u00e7li egzersiz ile bran\u015f\u0131nda \u00fcst\u00fcn bir performans sergileyebilecektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, atletlerdeki kas lifi da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, atletin genetik potansiyeli ne olursa olsun, antrenman d\u00fczeyinin \u015fiddeti, s\u00fcresi ve s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, ayr\u0131ca diyet ve di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6sterecektir. Yani, genetik altyap\u0131 performans potansiyelini belirlemektedir ancak, g\u00fcncel performans kapasitesi daha \u00e7ok antrenman, pratik, motivasyon ve beslenme gibi di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rlerden etkilendi\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada spor bilim\u00a0 alan\u0131nda sadece \u2018Spor Geneti\u011fi\u2019 de\u011fil ama ayn\u0131 zamanda \u2018Obezite Geneti\u011fi\u2019 konusunda da benzer testlerle, obezite hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n genetik tan\u0131s\u0131, gen yap\u0131s\u0131na uygun bireysel diyet ve egzersiz\u00a0 programlar\u0131 d\u00fczenlenebilmektedir. Bu konularda ya\u015fanan yenilik\u00e7i de\u011fi\u015fim ve olumlu geli\u015fmeleri izleyerek; ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma projelerde yer almay\u0131 \u2018Spor ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k\u2019 ad\u0131na \u00fclkemizin sportif ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 ve vatanda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcrebilmesi ad\u0131na \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir bilimsel sorumluluk olarak de\u011ferlendiriyorum\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130ZM\u0130R(Ege Ajans)-\u00a0Sporcunun \u201cSpor Genleri\u2019\u2019 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan genetik analiz y\u00f6ntemiyle \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen sportif performans d\u00fczeyi \u201cSpor Genetik\u2019\u2019 alan\u0131nda…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,70,68],"tags":[66,12,18,67,46,104,22,434],"class_list":["post-1762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-haber","category-kampus","category-saglik","tag-ege-ajans","tag-ege-universitesi","tag-ege-university","tag-egeajans","tag-egemm","tag-kalem-gazetesi","tag-necdet-budak","tag-onur-oral"],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","newsphere-slider-full":"","newsphere-featured":"","newsphere-medium":""},"author_info":{"display_name":"Editor","author_link":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/author\/editor\/"},"category_info":"Haber<\/a> Kamp\u00fcs<\/a> Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/a>","tag_info":"Sa\u011fl\u0131k","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1762"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1762\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1764,"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1762\/revisions\/1764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}