{"id":16649,"date":"2023-09-18T04:36:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-18T04:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/?p=16649"},"modified":"2023-09-18T07:38:52","modified_gmt":"2023-09-18T07:38:52","slug":"turkiyenin-en-derin-3uncu-magarasinda-yeni-bir-yangic-turu-kesfedildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.euegeajans.com\/index.php\/2023\/09\/18\/turkiyenin-en-derin-3uncu-magarasinda-yeni-bir-yangic-turu-kesfedildi\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en derin 3\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc ma\u011faras\u0131nda yeni bir yang\u0131\u00e7 t\u00fcr\u00fc ke\u015ffedildi"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrk bilim insanlar\u0131 Mersin\u2019in Anamur il\u00e7esindeki Morca ma\u011faras\u0131n\u0131n derinliklerinde yeni bir t\u00fcr olan yang\u0131\u00e7 (amph\u0131poda: gammar\u0131dae) t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ke\u015ffetti. Ege \u00dcniversitesi Su \u00dcr\u00fcnleri Fak\u00fcltesi Su \u00dcr\u00fcnleri Temel Bilimleri B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130\u00e7 Sular Biyolojisi Anabilim Dal\u0131 \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Murat \u00d6zbek ve Isparta Uygulamal\u0131 Bilimler \u00dcniversitesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. G\u00f6khan Ayd\u0131n, \u00e7ift ayakl\u0131lar grubuna ait karideslerin akrabas\u0131 olan ve halk aras\u0131nda \u201cyang\u0131\u00e7\u201d ismiyle an\u0131lan canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131 literat\u00fcr\u00fcne kazand\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"Morca Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 3\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc en derin ma\u011faras\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirten Prof. Dr. \u00d6zbek, \u201c\u00dclkemiz ma\u011faralar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a zengin bir co\u011frafyada yer al\u0131r ve 200\u2019den fazla ma\u011faraya ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Bu ma\u011faralardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 dikey ma\u011faralar olup, olduk\u00e7a derin olabilir.\u00a0 Dikey ve yatay olabilen ma\u011faralar\u0131n \u00f6zellikle i\u00e7inde su bulunanlar\u0131nda bu ortamlara uyum sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f ilgin\u00e7 sucul canl\u0131lar bulunabilir. Bu canl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda b\u00f6cek t\u00fcrleri olabildi\u011fi gibi, yang\u0131\u00e7lar, sucul top b\u00f6cekleri ve hatta bal\u0131klar bile olabilir. Derin ve uzun ma\u011faralardaki bu habitatlar genellikle de bilim camias\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan hen\u00fcz tan\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f canl\u0131lara ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Morca Ma\u011faras\u0131 Anamur s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde 2 bin 100 metre rak\u0131mda yer alan bir dikey ma\u011farad\u0131r. Son y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla ke\u015ffedilen ma\u011fara, kendine \u00f6zel bir yap\u0131ya sahip olup, yakla\u015f\u0131k bin 260 metre derinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6lc\u00fckler bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zelli\u011fiyle Morca Ma\u011faras\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin 3\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc en derin ma\u011faras\u0131 olup, d\u00fcnyada da say\u0131l\u0131 derin ma\u011faralardan biridir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

\u201cEndemik canl\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131na katk\u0131\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

Ke\u015ffin bulu\u015f s\u00fcrecini anlatan Prof. Dr. \u00d6zbek, \u201cYerli ve yabanc\u0131 profesyonel ma\u011fara ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan incelenen ma\u011faran\u0131n en derin yerinde yer alan g\u00f6lc\u00fcklerde ya\u015fayan yang\u0131\u00e7 bireyleri oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bireylerden al\u0131nan \u00f6rnekler, kendisi de profesyonel bir ma\u011farac\u0131 olan Prof. Dr. G\u00f6khan Ayd\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan, bana iletildi. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z mikroskobik ve taksonomik incelemeler sonucunda, bu \u00f6rneklerin yeni bir yang\u0131\u00e7 t\u00fcr\u00fcne ait oldu\u011funu \u00a0tespit ettik ve \u00a0bu yeni canl\u0131ya ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ma\u011faraya ithafen \u2018Gammarus morcae\u2019 ismi verdik. D\u00fcnyada sadece Morca Ma\u011faras\u0131\u2019nda ya\u015fayan bu canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tespit edilmesiyle birlikte \u00fclkemize \u00f6zg\u00fc endemik canl\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 bir tane daha art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu. \u0130ki ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u015feklindeki makale \u00fclkemizin sayg\u0131n bilimsel dergilerinden biri olan Turkish Journal of Zoology dergisinde yay\u0131nland\u0131\u201d dedi.<\/b><\/p>\n

\"\"Tespit edilen canl\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6l ve akarsularda ya\u015fayan akrabalar\u0131nda geli\u015fmi\u015f g\u00f6zleri bulundu\u011fu halde, yeni ke\u015ffedilen t\u00fcrde g\u00f6zler bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Prof. Dr. M. \u00d6zbek, \u201cBu durum derin yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131nda ya\u015famaya uyum sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f canl\u0131larda s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir \u00f6zellik. Bir canl\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zlerinin adaptasyon sonucu kaybolmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ortalama y\u00fcz bin y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesi gerekiyor. I\u015f\u0131k olmayan bir ortamda ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar g\u00f6zlerinin yerine kimyasal resept\u00f6rler ve uzam\u0131\u015f ekstremiteler geli\u015ftiriyor. Bu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ke\u015fif yeni bir t\u00fcr tan\u0131mlaman\u0131n yan\u0131nda, yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131nda ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda en derinden raporlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan biri olmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00f6nemlidir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

\u201cMa\u011fara ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131 canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcne zarar verebilir\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. \u00d6zbek, \u201cD\u00fcnyada biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli alanlar vard\u0131r. Bunlar s\u0131cak noktalar olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00dclkemiz biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu \u00f6nemli alanlardan \u00fc\u00e7 tanesinin ortas\u0131nda yer al\u0131r ve bu y\u00fczden de biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Son y\u0131llarda \u00f6zellikle akarsu ve g\u00f6llerimizde \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck kirlilik sorunlar\u0131 var. Canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7evre bilincinin \u00f6nemine dikkat etmeliyiz\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 ma\u011faralar\u0131n turizme a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle, i\u00e7eride ayd\u0131nlatma yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n orada ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fam ortamlar\u0131nda suni bir de\u011fi\u015fim yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu nedenle de orada ya\u015fayan ve karanl\u0131kta ya\u015famaya uyum sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f canl\u0131lar\u0131n oradan ka\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya tamam\u0131yla ortamdan yok oldu\u011funu belirten Prof. Dr. M. \u00d6zbek, \u201cBu durum \u00fclkemiz biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olumsuzluklar yaratmaktad\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir ma\u011faraya endemik olan bir canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc ba\u015fka bir ma\u011farada genellikle bulunmaz. Ma\u011fara ekosisteminde meydana gelen bu de\u011fi\u015fimler genellikle t\u00fcr\u00fcn tamamen yok olmas\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanabilir ki bu hi\u00e7 istemedi\u011fimiz bir durumdur\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n